All Conditional Sentences in Details

All conditional sentences in English in details

Conditional sentences are very important english grammar. This lesson helpes us to write english sentences freely and speak fluently and understand the meaning of the english sentences. If we do not learn this lesson, our english will not be improved and developed. So I have highlighted all structures, rules and examples of the conditional sentences.

 

What is the conditional sentences?

Conditional sentences are sentences that express factors or hypothetical situations and their consequences. In a complete conditional sentence, we find a conditional clause and the consequence.

Example:

If you study, you will pass the exam. Or

You will pass the exam if you study.

Types of conditional sentence

There are two types of conditional sentences.

1. Real conditional sentence

2. Unreal conditional sentence

The Real conditional sentences are two types.

1.Zero conditional

2. First  conditional

The Unreal conditional sentences are two types.

1.Second  conditional

2. Third  conditional

Zero Conditional Sentences

The zero conditional sentences are formed using the Present Indefinite Tense to tell something that is always true fact, scientific and universal truth. The main clause is always Present Indefinite Tense.

“If + subject + present tense of verb, subject + present tense of main verb.”

If you throw an object upward, it comes downward automatically.

Note: You have to use a comma before the “main clause” if you use the “if clause” first.

You do not have to use a comma between two sentences if you use the “main clause” first.

Example:

1. If I am late to reach the school, the teacher punishes me.
2. The teacher punishes me if I am late to reach the school.
3. If you throw an object upward, it comes downward automatically.
4. If I am late to reach the school, the teacher punishes me.

• The first example expresses the scientific truth and the second example expresses the truth.
• Follow those examples and you will find a comma in the first sentence because the “if clause” has been written first.
• Look at the second example. There is no comma in the sentence because the main clause has been written first.

More Examples of Affirmative Sentences:

1. If you throw an object upward, it comes downward automatically.
2. If you speak the truth, everyone appreciates you.
3. If the ice melts, it converts into water.
4. If we heat water above 100 degrees, it boils.
5. If you work for 12 hours, you get tired.
6. If I am late to reach the school, the teacher punishes me.
7. If I have a good job, you are secure in life.

First Conditional Sentences

The first conditional sentences are formed using the Present Indefinite Tense to tell something and the main clause is used according to the sense of the sentences.

The structure for the first conditional is:

If + Present Tense, S + will/can/may/should/have to/has to+v1+o.

Rule: if clause is always present tense and the verb of the next sentence can be changed according to the sense of the sentence.

Example:

If you read, you will pass the exam.

If you call me, should I go?

More examples of first conditional sentences:

Affirmative Sentences:

1. If you read, you will pass the exam.
2. If I do not come to the party, he will not support me.
3. If it rains today, I will not go to the field.
4. If I have a computer, I can start an online class.
5. If you are with me, I will win the world.

Interrogative Sentences:

1. If you call me, should I go?
2. If he awakes me, can I leave early?
3. If he finishes his homework on time, will you go to the party?
4. If I go with you, will you buy me biriyani?
5. If he wants help from me, should I help him?

Second Conditional Sentences

The second conditional sentences are formed using the Past Indefinite Tense and the main clause is used according to the sense of the sentences.

The structure of the second conditional is:

If + Simple past, S + would/might/could + V-1+o.

Or

Were + S + ………, S + would/might/could+V-1+O.

Rule:

1.If + simple past tense / were

2.The verb of the next sentence can be changed according to the sense of the sentence.

Example of second conditional sentences:

1. If you broke the traffic rules, traffic police would hold you.
2. I would pay if you bought the chocolate.

More examples of second conditional sentences:

Affirmative Sentences:

1. If you studied, you would pass the exam.
2. If I lived in Kolkata, I would visit the Victoria.
3. If you learned to speak English, you would get this job.
4.  Were I the manager, I would recruit two new staff for this post.
5. If I had a smartphone, he would make videos for youtube.
6. If I had much money, I would help the poor.

Interrogative Sentences:

1. If Gopal knew to speak English, would he travel to America?
2. What would you do if your family was not so wealthy?
3. Would you buy an expensive motorbike if you had ten thousand dollars?
4. If your friends went for a picnic, whom would you accompany?

Third Conditional Sentence

The third conditional sentences are formed using the Past Perfect Tense and the main clause is used according to the sense of the sentences [S+would/could/should+V3+O].

These kinds of sentences express a hypothetical situation in past.

The structure of the third conditional is:

If +Past Perfect Tense, S +would/could/should +have+V3+O. Or

Had + S + V3, S +would/could/should +have+V3+O.

Example:

1. If you had helped him, he would have respected you.
2. Had you helped him, he would have respected you.

More examples of third conditional sentences:

Affirmative Sentences:

1. If you had studied, you would have passed the exam.
2. If you had told me your problem, I could have helped you.
3. If he had studied well, he would have become a doctor.
4. If I had been there then, I would have opposed it.
5. If you had used a computer, you could have got the job.

Interrogative Sentences:

1. What might you have done if you had arrived sooner?
2. Would you come to my house if you had known about it?
3. If you had not come here, where could you have gone?

Imperative Conditional Sentence

If + sub + V1 + O. Imperative Sentence [Affir/Negative]

1. Work hard if you want to be successful.
2. Take an umbrella if it rains.
3. Don’t work more if you are tired.
4. If you need help, call me.
5. If you feel sick, call a doctor.
6. If you feel cold, put on a coat.
7. If you want to learn English, read this book.
8. Give me blood if you want to get freedom.
9. Work very hard if you want to prosper in life.
10. Let me inform if you go to the field in the morning.
11. Prevent him if anyone cuts the tree.
12. If they come to your house, welcome them.
13. If she sleeps now, do not call him.
14. If you feel uncomfortable, do not go to the field.
15. If she wants to borrow from you, do not

SHORTCUT METHOD TO MEMORIZE THE RULESs

Zero Conditional:

“If + subject + present tense of verb, subject + present tense of main verb.”

First Conditional:

If + Present Tense, S + will/can/may/should/have to/has to+V-1+O.

Second Conditional:

If + Simple past, S + would/might/could + v1+o. Or

Were + S + ………, S + would/might/could+V1+o.

Third Conditional:

If +Past Perfect Tense, S +would/could/should +have+V3+O. Or

Had + S + V3, S +would/could/should +have+V3+O.

READ MORE POSTS

To read transformation of sentences [Assertive and Interrogative], click here.

To read transformation of sentences [ Imperative to Assertive ], click here.

Click here to read joining using present participle

Click here to read joining of sentence using a preposition with a Noun or Gerund

Joining of sentences using Noun in Apposition

Guys, I hope you have understood about conditional sentences reading this post without any problem.